The Atari 2600 was launched in 1977 as the Atari Video Computer System or Atari VCS. In 1982 the name was dropped in favor of just Atari 2600.

The console was a huge success, and an innovation of its time. It used a microprocessor and a cartridge slot to run different games that were burned into ROM chips on the cartridge. This format was first used by the Fairchild Channel F system in 1976.

When the Atari VCS launched, the ROM cartridges were 2KB in size, and the games were rather simple and low-resolution. The conversion of Taito's Space Invaders pushed the system to the masses. The VCS became hugely popular and lead to the founding of game developers like Activision and others. Later cartridges were using much more advanced graphics and used 8KByte ROMs.

The Atari heavy sixer is the earliest version of the Atari 2600 game console. It is more valuable to collectors than the later version of the system, as it is widely considered the original 2600.

The heavy sixer gets it's name from the fact that it has six pull-down style switches along the top of the unit, and a plastic case, that has a very thick edge. The case itself weighs more than 500 grams.

In later versions, first the case was re-designed to be lighter and cheaper, and after that the two difficulty switches (for left and right difficulty) were moved to the back of the unit, as most games did not utilize these.

The Atari 2600 came with a joystick that was especially designed for the unit. It is a four-directional joystick, with eight inferred directions. It was equipped with a single trigger button.

The joystick is digital and uses a 9-pin DIN sub miniature connector, that became standard on many home computers to come. Brands such as Commodore, Master System, Genesis and to some extent MSX, were compatible, and you could use the joystick on those systems as well.

Despite being outdated, and not the most ergonomic joystick, the atari 2600 stick has become a symbol of early video games and is often used to brand retro game merchandise.

The first Atari 2600 Stella Prototype is on display in the Computer History Museum, which is located in Mountain View california.

The MOS Technology 6507 CPU is an 8-bit microprocessor based on the 6502 technology. Basically it is a 6502 packaged in a 28-pin DIP instead of a 40-pin. This made the chip cheaper to package and integrate in systems. MOS technology achieved this by reducing the address bus from 16 bits to 13 bits and removing a number of other pins used only for certain applications.

The 6507 is the main chip of the Atari-2600 family of consoles. The Chip was launched in 1975 and could, due to the reduced number of address pins, address 8KByte of memory. This proved to be enough for the Atari consoles and for peripherals such as the 850 Serial & Parallel Interface, the 1050 disk drives and more.

The 6502 is an 8-bit MicroProcessor designed by MOS Technology. The team was led by Chuck Peddle and had also worked on the Motorola 6800. The 6502 is a simplified, but faster and cheaper design than the 6800.

The 6502 was introduced in 1975 and was the cheapest microprocessor on the market. Together with the Zilog Z80, the 6502 helped start the home computer revolution of the 1980s. The 6502 was used in a wide range of devices: the Atari 2600, the 8-bit Atari home computers, the Apple II, the Nintendo Entertainment System, the Commodore 64, the BBC Micro and many others. All used the 6502 or a variation of it.

The 6502 is a 1MHz design, while the 6502A is designed for 2MHz. The 6502A is 100% compatible with the original 6502.

Commodore soon bought MOS Technology, but conitnued to sell the microprocessor to competitors and licensed the design to other manufacturers.